EV smart routing · v1.0 Plan an electric trip with charging stops

BeMap name: EV smart routing · v1.0

POST/evsmartrouting/1.0

An earlier version, kept for the integrations built on it: v2.0 replaces it.

The whole description

In BeMap's words

Perform a calculation of travel dedicated to electrical vehicle. This service return the trip planner with all charging stops will be need to reach the trip.

Provisioned per account. This service is enabled per account; without it BeMap answers 400 with Access Denied.

Request body

JSON, Content-Type: application/json. Schema EvSmartRoutingRequest.

startLonnumber (double)required
Departure longitude in decimal degrees (WGS84). Ensure these values are provided in decimal degrees format.
startLatnumber (double)required
Departure latitude in decimal degrees (WGS84). Ensure these values are provided in decimal degrees format.
stopLonnumber (double)required
Arrival longitude in decimal degrees (WGS84). Ensure these values are provided in decimal degrees format.
stopLatnumber (double)required
Arrival latitude in decimal degrees (WGS84). Ensure these values are provided in decimal degrees format.

criteriasenum[]

This field is a list of criteria used by the routing calculator, e.g.: AVOID_MOTORWAYS, AVOID_TOLLS.

7 accepted values

`AVOID_FERRIES`	Find a route with no ferry.
`AVOID_MOTORWAYS`	Find a route without motorways.
`AVOID_TOLLS`	Find a route with no toll.
`AVOID_UNPAVED`	Find a route with no unpaved roads.
`AVOID_CROSSING_BORDER`	Find a route without country border crossing (makes sence only when the start and stop points are in the same country).
`LESS_EXPENSIVE`	Find the less expensive charging stations. Only with algorithm v2. Deprecated.
`TRAFFIC`	Use traffic info for route calculation.

optimModeenum
Routing optimization mode. FASTEST by default.
3 accepted values
FASTEST Find the route which optimizes travel time. Default value.
SHORTEST Find the route which optimizes travel distance.
ECO_ENERGY Find the route which optimizes travel energy consumption.
geoserverstring
Geoserver name.
swidxinteger (int32)deprecated
Switch index.
debugStatboolean
Enable the performance statistics of EV Smart Routing service. It's of BeNomad debug only. False by default.
cspsstring[]
List of charging station provider names.
csfsstring[]
List of charging station filter, return only the points matching the filters. Documentation of available filters.
csdepcntboolean
Set to true to enable the support of charging station deprecated connector types.By default false.
vehiclestring
Vehicle model (UUID key).
initBatLvlnumber (double)
Initial battery level in percent. Available value 0 to 100. 100% if not defined.
minBatLvlnumber (double)
Minimal battery level during the journey. This value is in percent. Available value 0 to 100. With algorithm version 3 : The minBatLvl should be smaller or equal than 50%. If a superior value is given the 50% will be used instead. Note that if minBatLvl is greater or equal than maxAfterChargeBatLvl - 25% then the value of maxAfterChargeBatLvl is set to minBatLvl + 25%.
minArrivalBatLvlnumber (double)
Minimal battery level at destination. This value is in percent. Available value 0 to 100. With algorithm version 3 : The minArrivalBatLvl should be smaller or equal than 80%. If a higher value is provided, 80% will be used instead. Note that if minArrivalBatLvl is greater or equal than maxAfterChargeBatLvl - 15% then the value of maxAfterChargeBatLvl is set to minArrivalBatLvl + 15%.
maxAfterChargeBatLvlnumber (float)
Maximal battery level after a charge. This value is in percent. Available value 0 to 100. The default depends of the selected vehicle, but it's around 90%.
weatherboolean
Enable the weather information.
wpstring
Enable the weather information.
temperatureinteger (int32)
Temperature in Celsius. 20 by default.
departureTimestring
This parameter is an EPOCH time stamp in milliseconds (UTC) or can take an string with ISO date time format like '2011-12-03T10:15:30', '2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00' or '2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00[Europe/Paris]'. It is used to define the date and time of routing departure. (For traffic support, this method does not have any effect if the loaded SVS map data does not contain either the HERE Traffic Patterns or TomTom Speed Profiles databases).
stepPointPluggingTimeinteger (int32)
Defines the fixed additional time in seconds for each charging stop.
Also accepted as stepPointPlugingTime.
payloadinteger (int32)
Vehicle's extra load (consumables or passengers weight for example) (in kg). 75kg by default.
extraPayloadinteger (int32)deprecated
Additional load weight in kg (like passengers, luggage or tools). Deprecated and not supported anymore, use the payload field.
Also accepted as extraPayLoad.
viasEnergyRoutingDest[]
List of intermediate (via) points between start and stop points used by the routing calculation.
EnergyRoutingDest fields
- lonnumber (double)required
  Longitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
  Also accepted as longitude.
- latnumber (double)required
  Latitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
  Also accepted as latitude.
- ignoreVehicleProfileboolean
- stopDurationinteger (int32)
  Stop duration in seconds associated to the destination coordinate. By default 0. Note: if charging times are defined. Forced charges take priority over charge times. Note: only about forced charge, stop duration could be linked chargeMaxDist in case of forced charge. To ensure that charge duration is superior to stopDuration + FixedStopTime in EV Smart Routing, the stop duration used is min(stopDuration, KB_MIN_CHARGE_DURATION + FixedStopTime). However the original value stopDuration is not modified.
- chargeMaxDistinteger (int32)
  This parameter should be defined to impose a charge around this destination. It defines the maximum walking distance 3000 meters a charge point can be from this destination to force a charge (0 means no charge forced). By default 0. NOTE: If you combine this parameter with the stopDuration parameter it will define how much time can be used for charging.
  Also accepted as chargeMaxDistance.
- maxSpdinteger (int32)
  Maximum Speed in km/h associated to this destination coordinate. If not 0 this will force routing calculation to bound all driving speeds between this destination and the next one. If 0 the global maximum speed will be used if defined. By default 0.
  Also accepted as maxSpeed.
connectorTypesinteger (int32)[]
List of connector type IDs used to perform a filter based on these connectors.
restrictedEvseboolean
Allows restricted charging stations, like private or employees only.
aroundEvsebooleandeprecated
Provides list of charging stations around the step points in the response.
evseStartbooleandeprecated
Deprecated. If set to true, disables the charging station search around start point.
evseMidbooleandeprecated
Deprecated. If set to true, disables the charging station search around middle of the route.
evseEndbooleandeprecated
Deprecated. If set to true, disables the charging station search around stop point.
plboolean
Set to true to provide the route's polyline. Otherwise set to false.
eplboolean
Set to true to provide the route's encoded polyline, see Google Encoded Polyline Algorithm Format in glossary. Otherwise set to false.
evtboolean
Set to true to provide the route timeline information (events field in response). By default false. Timeline information contains the fields of the RouteEvent class. See response for details.
evtFreqinteger (int32)
Sampling in seconds of route timeline (events field in response). The evt parameter is mandatory to use this parameter. By default 60 seconds which is also the minimal authorized value.
alrinteger (int32)
Define the index of alternative route. By default 0. Range [0, 2]. If the service fails to find the requested alternative route it will return the initial route (i.e. the alternative route of index 0).
curstring
Defines the currency used for charging costs calculation. Currency should be define according to ISO 4217 Codes.

drivingStyleEvDrivingStyle

Driving style definition.

EvDrivingStyle fields

modeenumrequired

Define the driving mode.

4 accepted values

`ECO`	Reduces accelerations and decelerations, auxiliary consumption and driving speeds.
`NORMAL`	Uses speeds defined in map data, auxiliary consumption, accelerations and decelerations defined in vehicle profile. Set as default.
`SPORT`	Increases accelerations and decelerations and driving speeds.
`CUSTOM`	Allows to override accelerations, decelerations, driving speeds and maximum speed.

limitMaxSpeedinteger (int32)
Defines vehicle's maximum speed in km/h used during the routing calculation. By default null. If null, uses the maximum speed defined in the vehicle's database. Note that if the speed is greater than the one defined in the database, it will be bounded by the later except if you activate the parameter allowOverVehSpdLim.
allowOverVehSpdLimboolean
Allows to define a maximum speed above the vehicle's maximum speed defined in the vehicle's database.
maxAccnumber (double)
Average vehicle's acceleration in m/s². Must be > 0. For example: 1.25 m/s².
maxDecnumber (double)
Average vehicle's deceleration in m/s². Must be < 0. For example: -1.25 m/s².

spsRoutingSpeedPond[]

Speed weight coefficient for the specified road network level. A value < 1 will reduce speeds. A value > 1 will increase speeds.

RoutingSpeedPond fields

factornumber (float)required
Specifies the speed coefficient. A value under 1 to reduce the speed, e.g: 0.8. A value over 1 to increase the speed, e.g: 1.3. 1 by default.
levelinteger (int32)required
Road element's level (0: all 4 levels, 1: main level, 2: secondary level, 3: third level, 4: fourth level).
roadTypeenum
Define the road type.
7 accepted values
ALL All road network.
DEFAULT Default.
FERRY Ferry line.
MOTORWAY Motorway.
PEDESTRIAN Pedestrian.
ROUNDABOUNT Roundabout.
SLIPROAD Slip road.

pondTypeenum

Define the ponderation type.

3 accepted values

`ALL`	Speed coefficient applies both for finding the fastest route and calculating its ETA. Default value.
`CAL`	Speed coefficient applies only searching for the fastest route (only when fastest criteria is set).
`ETA`	Speed coefficient applies only for calculating route's travel time (ETA).

allowNaStatusboolean
Allows stops on charging stations with unavailable status (NA). By default false.
allowMaxSpdRecoboolean
Allows the service to define maximum speeds between step points. In response the field maxSpeed will be computed and returned.
stepPointTimeSlotsStepPointTimeSlot[]
List of step point time slots. Note: If forced charges are defined, they take priority over charge times.
StepPointTimeSlot fields
- durationinteger (int32)required
  Stop duration in seconds.
- startDateTimestringrequired
  Start local date time in text format ISO YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss (e.g: 2020-09-08T12:28:00).
- stopDateTimestringrequired
  Stop local date time in text format ISO YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss (e.g: 2020-09-08T12:28:00).
- serviceCategorystring
  Service category that can be associated to a time slot. This parameter describes, in combination with an optional maximum pedestrian walking distance (see parameter maxWalkingDistance), a boolean expression with all the services requested or unwanted. Semantics:
  - !: not (unary).
  - |: or (binary).
  - &: and (binary).
  - (: open section.
  - ): close section.
  - POI Class ID (numeric value defining the type of service, see the Class ID list in Glossary menu). For example to specify that you want either a restaurant OR a grocery store AND NOT a rest area, the corresponding expression is: (7315|9105)&!7395
- maxWalkingDistanceinteger (int32)
  Maximum walking distance in meters in range [50, 1000] between the step point and the service(s). 1000 meters by default.
co2emissionsboolean
Allows the service to set whether to calculate the CO2 estimation or not

Response

200, schema EvSmartRoutingResponse.

Response fields

logTagstring
Log tag is an UUID tag used during the request calculation in log and send to other provider (if need).
journeyJourneyFront
Describes the whole itinerary which can be composed of multiple routes.
JourneyFront fields
- chargingCostChargingCost
  Sum of charging cost.
  ChargingCost fields
  - currencystring
    Currency ISO 4217 Code.
  - withoutVatnumber (float)
    Price without VAT.
  - includeVatnumber (float)
    Price include VAT.
- distanceinteger (int64)
  Distance: sum of distance, in meters.
- durationinteger (int64)
  Duration: sum of duration, in seconds.
- batteryLevelnumber (double)
  Remaining battery level (in percentage) at the end of the trip.
- consumednumber (double)
  Sum of consumed values in kWh.
- chargingTimeinteger (int64)
  Sum of charging time in seconds.
- departureTimeinteger (int64)
  Departure time is an EPOCH time stamp in milliseconds.
- arrivalTimeinteger (int64)
  Arrival time is an EPOCH time stamp in milliseconds.
- vehiclestring
  Vehicle name.
- savedCo2Emissionsnumber (double)
  Saved CO2 Emissions (kg). This value is calculated from the amount of energy consumed for this journey using the profile of an ICE vehicle similar to the selected electric vehicle.
inputInfoInputInfo
Information about the inputs coordinates.
InputInfo fields
- startMatchedInfo
  Information about the start input coordinate.
  MatchedInfo fields
  - lonnumber (double)required
    Longitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
    Also accepted as longitude.
  - latnumber (double)required
    Latitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
    Also accepted as latitude.
  - addressstring
    Address.
  - weatherLocalWeather
    Weather condition at Step point.
    LocalWeather fields
    temperaturenumber (float)
    Temperature, Unit Celsius.
    conditionstring
    Group of weather parameters (Rain, Snow, Extreme etc.).
    descriptionstring
    Weather condition within the group.
    iconstring
    Weather icon id of provider.
  - maxSpeedinteger (int32)
    Maximum speeds in km/h recommended by calculation from the start coordinate to the stop or first step-point coordinate.
- viasMatchedInfo[]
  Information about the vias input coordinates.
  MatchedInfo fields
  - lonnumber (double)required
    Longitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
    Also accepted as longitude.
  - latnumber (double)required
    Latitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
    Also accepted as latitude.
  - addressstring
    Address.
  - weatherLocalWeather
    Weather condition at Step point.
    LocalWeather fields
    temperaturenumber (float)
    Temperature, Unit Celsius.
    conditionstring
    Group of weather parameters (Rain, Snow, Extreme etc.).
    descriptionstring
    Weather condition within the group.
    iconstring
    Weather icon id of provider.
  - maxSpeedinteger (int32)
    Maximum speeds in km/h recommended by calculation from the start coordinate to the stop or first step-point coordinate.
- stopMatchedInfo
  Information about the stop input coordinate.
  MatchedInfo fields
  - lonnumber (double)required
    Longitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
    Also accepted as longitude.
  - latnumber (double)required
    Latitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
    Also accepted as latitude.
  - addressstring
    Address.
  - weatherLocalWeather
    Weather condition at Step point.
    LocalWeather fields
    temperaturenumber (float)
    Temperature, Unit Celsius.
    conditionstring
    Group of weather parameters (Rain, Snow, Extreme etc.).
    descriptionstring
    Weather condition within the group.
    iconstring
    Weather icon id of provider.
  - maxSpeedinteger (int32)
    Maximum speeds in km/h recommended by calculation from the start coordinate to the stop or first step-point coordinate.
boundingBoxBoundingBox
The rectangle that encompasses the entire trip, defined by four coordinates.
BoundingBox fields
- minLonnumber (double)
  Minimum longitude, in degrees decimal (WGS84).
- minLatnumber (double)
  Minimum latitude, in degrees decimal (WGS84).
- maxLonnumber (double)
  Maximum longitude, in degrees decimal (WGS84).
- maxLatnumber (double)
  Maximum latitude, in degrees decimal (WGS84).

routeRouteFront

Describes the calculated route.

RouteFront fields

stepPointsStepPointFront[]

Define the list of StepPoint.

StepPointFront fields

idstring
Unique identifier of pool, come from the provider.
operatorIdstring
Operator unique identifier like eMI3 format.
brandstring
Brand name of pool.
nameOfPoolstring
Name of pool.
accessibilitystring
Define the accessibility of a pool of charging station.
availabilityStatusstring
Define the status of availability.
longitudenumber (double)
Longitude in degrees decimal (WGS84) (double).
latitudenumber (double)
Latitude in degrees decimal (WGS84) (double).
distanceinteger (int64)
Distance between this step-point and previous step-point or start point, in meters.
durationinteger (int64)
Duration of travel between this step-point and previous step-point or start point in seconds.
arrivalTimeinteger (int64)
Time stamp in milliseconds of arrival to the step point.
departureTimeinteger (int64)
Time stamp in milliseconds of departure from the step point.
consumednumber (double)
Battery capacity consumed in kWh.
arrivalBatteryLevelnumber (double)
Battery level at arrival to the step point (in percent).
departureBatteryLevelnumber (double)
Battery level at departure of step point (in percent).

chargingPowerChargingPower

Power in kW will used to charge the vehicle battery. This information override the power of charging point.

ChargingPower fields

currentTypeenum

Current type (AC/DC).

5 accepted values

`NA`	Not available (NA).
`AC`	Alternating current (AC), but the number of phases is not available.
`AC_SINGLE_PHASE`	Alternating current (AC), single phase.
`AC_THREE_PHASES`	Alternating current (AC), three phases.
`DC`	Direct current (DC).

powernumber (double)
Power in kW will used to charging the vehicle battery.
cnnTypeIdinteger (int32)
Connector type ID used to charging the vehicle battery.

chargingTimeinteger (int64)
Charging time in seconds.
chargingCostChargingCost
Charging cost.
ChargingCost fields
- currencystring
  Currency ISO 4217 Code.
- withoutVatnumber (float)
  Price without VAT.
- includeVatnumber (float)
  Price include VAT.
weatherLocalWeather
Weather condition at Step point.
LocalWeather fields
- temperaturenumber (float)
  Temperature, Unit Celsius.
- conditionstring
  Group of weather parameters (Rain, Snow, Extreme etc.).
- descriptionstring
  Weather condition within the group.
- iconstring
  Weather icon id of provider.
countryCodestring
ISO country code, 2 digits.
countrystring
Country name.
postalCodestring
Zip code.
citystring
City name.
streetstring
Street name.
streetNumberstring
House number.
phoneNumberstring
Phone number.
timeZonestring
Time zone. One of IANA tzdata's TZ-values representing the time zone of the location. Examples: "Europe/Oslo", "Europe/Zurich". (http://www.iana.org/time-zones)
open24x7boolean
Pool is opened 24x7 hours.
openingHoursPoolOpeningHour[]
List of opening hours.
PoolOpeningHour fields
- dayOfweekenum
  Day of week.
  7 accepted values
  MONDAY MONDAY.
  TUESDAY TUESDAY.
  WEDNESDAY WEDNESDAY.
  THURSDAY THURSDAY.
  FRIDAY FRIDAY.
  SATURDAY SATURDAY.
  SUNDAY SUNDAY.
- startstring
  Start time of opened pool.
- endstring
  End time of opened pool.
commentstring
Comment.
imagesImageUrl[]
Links to images related to the location such as photos or logos.
ImageUrl fields
- urlstring
  URL from where the image data can be fetched through a web browser.
- thumbnailUrlstring
  URL from where a thumbnail of the image can be fetched through a web browser.
- categoryenum
  Describes what the image is used for. Values can be CHARGER, ENTRANCE, LOCATION, NETWORK, OPERATOR, OTHER, OWNER.
  8 accepted values
  CHARGER Charger
  ENTRANCE Entrance
  LOCATION Location
  NETWORK Network
  OPERATOR Operator
  OTHER Other
  OWNER Owner
  NOT_SUPPORTED_VALUE Not supported value for this API version.
- formatstring
  Image format like gif, jpeg, png, svg.
- widthinteger (int32)
  Width of the full-scale image.
- heightinteger (int32)
  Height of the full-scale image.

chargingStationsChargingStation[]

List of charging stations.

ChargingStation fields

idstring
ID of station.
operatorIdstring
Operator unique identifier like eMI3 format.
natureenum
Nature define the interpretation and behavior. If VGROUP the data must be interpreted as an no reality object, just like a simple group. If is REAL, the object exist in the reality world.
2 accepted values
VGROUP The data must not be interpreted as an actual physical object, but as a simple group.
REAL The object exists in the real world.

availabilityStatusenum

Define the status of availability.

8 accepted values

`UNSUPPORTED_VALUE`	Not found, not supported new value.
`NA`	Not specified.
`OUT_OF_ORDER`	Out Of Order.
`IN_SERVICE`	In service.
`IN_SERVICE_FREE`	In service and free.
`IN_SERVICE_BUSY`	In service but busy.
`IN_SERVICE_RESERVED`	In service but reserved.
`FUTURE`	Future.

authenticationModesstring[]
Authentication mode.
authenticationInformationstring
Information about the authentication.
paymentModesstring[]
Payment mode.
paymentInformationstring
Information about the payment mode.
chargePassesChargingTariffChargePassFront[]
List of charge pass available a station.
ChargingTariffChargePassFront fields
- hashIdstringrequired
  Unique identifier of charge pass.
- titlestringrequired
  Name of charge pass.
- networkNamestring
  Unique name of charge network.
- descriptionstring
  A brief description or summary of the station charge pass.
- currencystring
  Currency used for the subscription fee. This field stores the currency code or symbol used for the subscription fee.
- subscriptionTypestring
  Type of subscription associated with the entity. This may denote the specific subscription model or tier for accessing the station service.
- subscriptionFeeExclVatnumber (float)
  Subscription fee excluding VAT. This field stores the fee amount charged for a subscription before any value-added tax is applied.
- networkUrlstring
  URL link to the website of charge network.
- androidAppUrlstring
  URL link to the Android application of charge network.
- iosAppUrlstring
  URL link to the iOS application of charge network.
bookableboolean
Bookable. Set to true if the station is bookable.
imagesImageUrl[]
Links to images related to the location such as photos or logos.
ImageUrl fields
- urlstring
  URL from where the image data can be fetched through a web browser.
- thumbnailUrlstring
  URL from where a thumbnail of the image can be fetched through a web browser.
- categoryenum
  Describes what the image is used for. Values can be CHARGER, ENTRANCE, LOCATION, NETWORK, OPERATOR, OTHER, OWNER.
  8 accepted values
  CHARGER Charger
  ENTRANCE Entrance
  LOCATION Location
  NETWORK Network
  OPERATOR Operator
  OTHER Other
  OWNER Owner
  NOT_SUPPORTED_VALUE Not supported value for this API version.
- formatstring
  Image format like gif, jpeg, png, svg.
- widthinteger (int32)
  Width of the full-scale image.
- heightinteger (int32)
  Height of the full-scale image.
tagsstring[]
List of tags, will be used to perform some filtration based on provider or customer references.

chargingPointsChargingPoint[]

List of charging points.

ChargingPoint fields

idstring
ID of charging point.
operatorIdstring
Operator unique identifier like eMI3 format.

availabilityStatusenum

Define the status of availability.

8 accepted values

`UNSUPPORTED_VALUE`	Not found, not supported new value.
`NA`	Not specified.
`OUT_OF_ORDER`	Out Of Order.
`IN_SERVICE`	In service.
`IN_SERVICE_FREE`	In service and free.
`IN_SERVICE_BUSY`	In service but busy.
`IN_SERVICE_RESERVED`	In service but reserved.
`FUTURE`	Future.

availabilityUntilinteger (int64)
Availability available until time (Time stamp in milliseconds).
typeinteger (int32)
ID of first connector type.
connectorTypesConnectorTypeFront[]
List of connector type.
ConnectorTypeFront fields
- idinteger (int32)
  BeMap unique identifier of connector.
- keystring
  BeMap unique identifier text key of connector. Same as id field but with string value.
- operatorIdstring
  Operator unique identifier like eMI3 format.
- deprecatedboolean
  Set to true if the information is deprecated.
- namestring
  Name of connector.
- normstring
  Norm of connector.
- maxPowernumber (double)
  Maximal power in kW of connector. Unlimited is 0.
- powernumber (double)
  Available power in kW can be delivered by the station or charge point.
- voltagenumber (float)
  Voltage of current.
- amperenumber (float)
  Ampere of current.
- acSingleboolean
  AC single phase.
- acThreeboolean
  Current type AC three phases.
- dcboolean
  Current type DC.
- cableboolean
  The connector have a cable.

currentTypeenum

Current type (AC/DC).

5 accepted values

`NA`	Not available (NA).
`AC`	Alternating current (AC), but the number of phases is not available.
`AC_SINGLE_PHASE`	Alternating current (AC), single phase.
`AC_THREE_PHASES`	Alternating current (AC), three phases.
`DC`	Direct current (DC).

voltagenumber (float)
Voltage of current.
amperenumber (float)
Ampere of current.
powernumber (double)
Electrical power in kW.
currencystring
Currency ISO 4217 Code.
remoteChargingboolean
True if a charging session can be started remotely.
tariffsTypestring
Represents the type of tariffs, e.i. AD_HOC, MSP.
tariffsChargePassHashIdstring
Represents a unique identifier hash associated with the tariffs used for calculating charges.
tariffsChargingTariffItemFront[]
List of tariff.
ChargingTariffItemFront fields
- pricesChargingPrice[]required
  List of price.
  ChargingPrice fields
  - typeenumrequired
    Type of price dimension.
    4 accepted values
    FLAT flat fee, no unit.
    PARKING_TIME time not charging, defined in hours.
    ENERGY defined in kWh.
    TIME time charging, defined in hours.
  - pricenumber (float)required
    Price per unit (excluding VAT) for this tariff dimension.
  - unitenum
    Unit of price.
    3 accepted values
    NA
    PER_HOUR
    PER_KWH
  - vatnumber (float)
    Applicable VAT percentage for this tariff dimension. If omitted, no VAT is applicable.
  - minAmountnumber (float)
    Minimum amount to be billed.
- restrictionChargingPriceRestriction
  Restriction information of prices.
  ChargingPriceRestriction fields
  - startTimestring
    Start time of day (hh:mm).
  - endTimestring
    End time of day (hh:mm).
  - startDatestring
    Start date (AAAA-MM-DD).
  - endDatestring
    End date (AAAA-MM-DD).
  - minKwhnumber (float)
    Minimum used energy in kWh for this tariff to be valid.
  - maxKwhnumber (float)
    Maximum used energy in kWh for this tariff to be valid.
  - minPowernumber (double)
    Minimum power in kW for this tariff to be valid.
  - maxPowernumber (double)
    Maximum power in kW for this tariff to be valid.
  - minDurationinteger (int32)
    Minimum duration in seconds for this tariff to be valid.
  - maxDurationinteger (int32)
    Maximum duration in seconds for this tariff to be valid.
  - dayOfWeekenum[]
    List of day of the week for this tariff to be valid. Values can be MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY.
    7 accepted values
    MONDAY
    TUESDAY
    WEDNESDAY
    THURSDAY
    FRIDAY
    SATURDAY
    SUNDAY

parkingSpotParkingVehicleAccessFront

Vehicle access restrictions and parking information for this charging point.

ParkingVehicleAccessFront fields

maxHeightinteger (int32)
Maximum height (in cm) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
maxWidthinteger (int32)
Maximum width (in cm) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
maxLengthinteger (int32)
Maximum length (in cm) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
maxWeightinteger (int32)
Maximum weight (in tenth of ton) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
dangerousGoodsAllowedboolean
Whether vehicles loaded with dangerous goods are allowed to park.
overnightParkingAllowedboolean
Whether overnight parking is allowed for heavy vehicles.

parkingOrientationenum

The direction in which vehicles are parked at the charging station.

4 accepted values

`PARALLEL`	Parking happens parallel to the roadway on which vehicles approach the charging station.
`PERPENDICULAR`	Parking happens perpendicular to the roadway on which vehicles approach the charging station.
`ANGLE`	Parking happens at an angle to the roadway on which vehicles approach the charging station (i.e. echelon parking).
`DRIVE_THROUGH`	A vehicle can stop, charge, and proceed without reversing into or out of a parking bay. This is particularly important for heavy vehicles with trailers.

transportTypesenum[]

List of transport types that can use this parking.

9 accepted values

`PEDESTRIAN`	Pedestrian.
`BICYCLE`	Bicycle.
`MOTORCYCLE`	Motorcycle.
`CAR`	Passenger car.
`TAXI`	Taxi.
`PUBLIC_BUS`	Public bus.
`EMERGENCY`	Emergency vehicle.
`DELIVERY_TRUCK`	Delivery truck. Deprecated, use `TRUCK` instead.
`TRUCK`	Truck.

tagsstring[]
List of tags, will be used to perform some filtration based on provider or customer references.

theoreticalOptimalSpeedinteger (int32)deprecated
Theoretical optimal speed in km/h. Deprecated replaced by maxSpeed.
optimalSpeedProposalinteger (int32)deprecated
Optimal speed proposal in km/h. Deprecated replaced by maxSpeed.
maxSpeedinteger (int32)
Maximum speeds in km/h recommended by calculation from this step-point coordinate to the stop or next step-point coordinate. To enable this computation use the parameter allowMaxSpdReco in the request. Note: to get the maximum speed from the start to the first step-point or stop point see the inputInfo.maxSpeed field.

chargingStationPoolsChargingStationPool[]

Define the list of ChargingStationPool.

ChargingStationPool fields

providerNamestring
Provider name used by BeMap (bgis).

providerModeenum

Define if the data come from the local database or directly from provider API.

3 accepted values

`LOCAL`	The charging station data come from the local database or cache (local request to spatial database).
`REMOTE`	The charging station data come directly from the provider database (remote request to provider API).
`NOT_SUPPORTED_VALUE`	Not supported value for this API version.

idstring
Unique identifier of pool, come from the provider.
operatorIdstring
Operator unique identifier like eMI3 format.
sourceProviderstring
Name of the original provider.
customerIdstring
Customer id.
updateDateinteger (int64)
Update date, time stamp in milliseconds.
tagsstring[]
List of tags, will be used to perform some filtration based on provider or customer references.
brandstring
Brand name of pool.
nameOfPoolstring
Name of pool.

accessibilityenum

Define the accessibility of a pool of charging station.

13 accepted values

`UNSUPPORTED_VALUE`	Not found, not supported new value.
`NA`	Unspecified access to the area.
`PUBLIC`	Publicly accessible area.
`PUBLIC_WITH_MEMBERSHIP`	Public with membership.
`PUBLIC_UPON_PRESENTATION`	Public upon presentation.
`PRIVATE`	Private.
`PRIVATE_EMPLOYEES_ONLY`	Private employees only.
`PRIVATE_CUSTOMERS_ONLY`	Private customers only.
`PRIVATE_RESIDENTS_ONLY`	Private residents only.
`PRIVATE_UPON_PRESENTATION`	Private upon presentation.
`RESTRICTED`	Controlled or restricted area access.
`CAR_SHARING_ONLY`	Car sharing only.
`OTHER`	Other.

availabilityStatusenum

Define the status of availability.

8 accepted values

`UNSUPPORTED_VALUE`	Not found, not supported new value.
`NA`	Not specified.
`OUT_OF_ORDER`	Out Of Order.
`IN_SERVICE`	In service.
`IN_SERVICE_FREE`	In service and free.
`IN_SERVICE_BUSY`	In service but busy.
`IN_SERVICE_RESERVED`	In service but reserved.
`FUTURE`	Future.

longitudenumber (double)
Longitude in degrees decimal (WGS84) (double).
latitudenumber (double)
Latitude in degrees decimal (WGS84) (double).
countryCodestring
ISO country code, 2 or 3 letters depends on provider (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 and alpha-3).
countrystring
Country.
postalCodestring
Zip code.
citystring
City name.
streetstring
Street name.
streetNumberstring
House number.
addressComplementstring
Pool complement of address.
floorNumberstring
Address floor number.
siteTypestring
Textual description of site.

siteCategoryenum

Reflects the general category type of the pool.

10 accepted values

`NA`	Not available.
`UNKNOWN`	Unknown category.
`OTHER`	Other, not categorized.
`ON_STREET`	Parking in public space along a street.
`ON_MOTORWAY`	Location on a parking facility/rest area along a motorway, freeway, interstate, highway etc.
`PARKING_LOT`	A cleared area that is intended for parking vehicles, i.e. at super markets, bars, etc.
`BUILDING_DRIVEWAY`	Location is on the driveway of a house/building.
`BUILDING_PARKING`	Multi-storey car park.
`UNDERGROUND_PARKING`	Multi-storey car park, mainly underground.
`UNSUPPORTED_VALUE`	Not found, not supported new value.

phoneNumberstring
Phone number.
timeZonestring
Time zone. One of IANA tzdata's TZ-values representing the time zone of the location. Examples: "Europe/Oslo", "Europe/Zurich". (http://www.iana.org/time-zones)
open24x7boolean
Pool is opened 24x7 hours.
openingHoursPoolOpeningHour[]
List of opening hours.
PoolOpeningHour fields
- dayOfweekenum
  Day of week.
  7 accepted values
  MONDAY MONDAY.
  TUESDAY TUESDAY.
  WEDNESDAY WEDNESDAY.
  THURSDAY THURSDAY.
  FRIDAY FRIDAY.
  SATURDAY SATURDAY.
  SUNDAY SUNDAY.
- startstring
  Start time of opened pool.
- endstring
  End time of opened pool.
numberOfParkingSpaceinteger (int32)
Number of parking space in the pool (parking).
commentstring
Comment.
imagesImageUrl[]
Links to images related to the location such as photos or logos.
ImageUrl fields
- urlstring
  URL from where the image data can be fetched through a web browser.
- thumbnailUrlstring
  URL from where a thumbnail of the image can be fetched through a web browser.
- categoryenum
  Describes what the image is used for. Values can be CHARGER, ENTRANCE, LOCATION, NETWORK, OPERATOR, OTHER, OWNER.
  8 accepted values
  CHARGER Charger
  ENTRANCE Entrance
  LOCATION Location
  NETWORK Network
  OPERATOR Operator
  OTHER Other
  OWNER Owner
  NOT_SUPPORTED_VALUE Not supported value for this API version.
- formatstring
  Image format like gif, jpeg, png, svg.
- widthinteger (int32)
  Width of the full-scale image.
- heightinteger (int32)
  Height of the full-scale image.

chargingStationsChargingStation[]

List of charging stations.

ChargingStation fields

idstring
ID of station.
operatorIdstring
Operator unique identifier like eMI3 format.
natureenum
Nature define the interpretation and behavior. If VGROUP the data must be interpreted as an no reality object, just like a simple group. If is REAL, the object exist in the reality world.
2 accepted values
VGROUP The data must not be interpreted as an actual physical object, but as a simple group.
REAL The object exists in the real world.

availabilityStatusenum

Define the status of availability.

8 accepted values

`UNSUPPORTED_VALUE`	Not found, not supported new value.
`NA`	Not specified.
`OUT_OF_ORDER`	Out Of Order.
`IN_SERVICE`	In service.
`IN_SERVICE_FREE`	In service and free.
`IN_SERVICE_BUSY`	In service but busy.
`IN_SERVICE_RESERVED`	In service but reserved.
`FUTURE`	Future.

authenticationModesstring[]
Authentication mode.
authenticationInformationstring
Information about the authentication.
paymentModesstring[]
Payment mode.
paymentInformationstring
Information about the payment mode.
chargePassesChargingTariffChargePassFront[]
List of charge pass available a station.
ChargingTariffChargePassFront fields
- hashIdstringrequired
  Unique identifier of charge pass.
- titlestringrequired
  Name of charge pass.
- networkNamestring
  Unique name of charge network.
- descriptionstring
  A brief description or summary of the station charge pass.
- currencystring
  Currency used for the subscription fee. This field stores the currency code or symbol used for the subscription fee.
- subscriptionTypestring
  Type of subscription associated with the entity. This may denote the specific subscription model or tier for accessing the station service.
- subscriptionFeeExclVatnumber (float)
  Subscription fee excluding VAT. This field stores the fee amount charged for a subscription before any value-added tax is applied.
- networkUrlstring
  URL link to the website of charge network.
- androidAppUrlstring
  URL link to the Android application of charge network.
- iosAppUrlstring
  URL link to the iOS application of charge network.
bookableboolean
Bookable. Set to true if the station is bookable.
imagesImageUrl[]
Links to images related to the location such as photos or logos.
ImageUrl fields
- urlstring
  URL from where the image data can be fetched through a web browser.
- thumbnailUrlstring
  URL from where a thumbnail of the image can be fetched through a web browser.
- categoryenum
  Describes what the image is used for. Values can be CHARGER, ENTRANCE, LOCATION, NETWORK, OPERATOR, OTHER, OWNER.
  8 accepted values
  CHARGER Charger
  ENTRANCE Entrance
  LOCATION Location
  NETWORK Network
  OPERATOR Operator
  OTHER Other
  OWNER Owner
  NOT_SUPPORTED_VALUE Not supported value for this API version.
- formatstring
  Image format like gif, jpeg, png, svg.
- widthinteger (int32)
  Width of the full-scale image.
- heightinteger (int32)
  Height of the full-scale image.
tagsstring[]
List of tags, will be used to perform some filtration based on provider or customer references.

chargingPointsChargingPoint[]

List of charging points.

ChargingPoint fields

idstring
ID of charging point.
operatorIdstring
Operator unique identifier like eMI3 format.

availabilityStatusenum

Define the status of availability.

8 accepted values

`UNSUPPORTED_VALUE`	Not found, not supported new value.
`NA`	Not specified.
`OUT_OF_ORDER`	Out Of Order.
`IN_SERVICE`	In service.
`IN_SERVICE_FREE`	In service and free.
`IN_SERVICE_BUSY`	In service but busy.
`IN_SERVICE_RESERVED`	In service but reserved.
`FUTURE`	Future.

availabilityUntilinteger (int64)
Availability available until time (Time stamp in milliseconds).
typeinteger (int32)
ID of first connector type.
connectorTypesConnectorTypeFront[]
List of connector type.
ConnectorTypeFront fields
- idinteger (int32)
  BeMap unique identifier of connector.
- keystring
  BeMap unique identifier text key of connector. Same as id field but with string value.
- operatorIdstring
  Operator unique identifier like eMI3 format.
- deprecatedboolean
  Set to true if the information is deprecated.
- namestring
  Name of connector.
- normstring
  Norm of connector.
- maxPowernumber (double)
  Maximal power in kW of connector. Unlimited is 0.
- powernumber (double)
  Available power in kW can be delivered by the station or charge point.
- voltagenumber (float)
  Voltage of current.
- amperenumber (float)
  Ampere of current.
- acSingleboolean
  AC single phase.
- acThreeboolean
  Current type AC three phases.
- dcboolean
  Current type DC.
- cableboolean
  The connector have a cable.

currentTypeenum

Current type (AC/DC).

5 accepted values

`NA`	Not available (NA).
`AC`	Alternating current (AC), but the number of phases is not available.
`AC_SINGLE_PHASE`	Alternating current (AC), single phase.
`AC_THREE_PHASES`	Alternating current (AC), three phases.
`DC`	Direct current (DC).

voltagenumber (float)
Voltage of current.
amperenumber (float)
Ampere of current.
powernumber (double)
Electrical power in kW.
currencystring
Currency ISO 4217 Code.
remoteChargingboolean
True if a charging session can be started remotely.
tariffsTypestring
Represents the type of tariffs, e.i. AD_HOC, MSP.
tariffsChargePassHashIdstring
Represents a unique identifier hash associated with the tariffs used for calculating charges.
tariffsChargingTariffItemFront[]
List of tariff.
ChargingTariffItemFront fields
- pricesChargingPrice[]required
  List of price.
  ChargingPrice fields
  - typeenumrequired
    Type of price dimension.
    4 accepted values
    FLAT flat fee, no unit.
    PARKING_TIME time not charging, defined in hours.
    ENERGY defined in kWh.
    TIME time charging, defined in hours.
  - pricenumber (float)required
    Price per unit (excluding VAT) for this tariff dimension.
  - unitenum
    Unit of price.
    3 accepted values
    NA
    PER_HOUR
    PER_KWH
  - vatnumber (float)
    Applicable VAT percentage for this tariff dimension. If omitted, no VAT is applicable.
  - minAmountnumber (float)
    Minimum amount to be billed.
- restrictionChargingPriceRestriction
  Restriction information of prices.
  ChargingPriceRestriction fields
  - startTimestring
    Start time of day (hh:mm).
  - endTimestring
    End time of day (hh:mm).
  - startDatestring
    Start date (AAAA-MM-DD).
  - endDatestring
    End date (AAAA-MM-DD).
  - minKwhnumber (float)
    Minimum used energy in kWh for this tariff to be valid.
  - maxKwhnumber (float)
    Maximum used energy in kWh for this tariff to be valid.
  - minPowernumber (double)
    Minimum power in kW for this tariff to be valid.
  - maxPowernumber (double)
    Maximum power in kW for this tariff to be valid.
  - minDurationinteger (int32)
    Minimum duration in seconds for this tariff to be valid.
  - maxDurationinteger (int32)
    Maximum duration in seconds for this tariff to be valid.
  - dayOfWeekenum[]
    List of day of the week for this tariff to be valid. Values can be MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY.
    7 accepted values
    MONDAY
    TUESDAY
    WEDNESDAY
    THURSDAY
    FRIDAY
    SATURDAY
    SUNDAY

parkingSpotParkingVehicleAccessFront

Vehicle access restrictions and parking information for this charging point.

ParkingVehicleAccessFront fields

maxHeightinteger (int32)
Maximum height (in cm) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
maxWidthinteger (int32)
Maximum width (in cm) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
maxLengthinteger (int32)
Maximum length (in cm) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
maxWeightinteger (int32)
Maximum weight (in tenth of ton) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
dangerousGoodsAllowedboolean
Whether vehicles loaded with dangerous goods are allowed to park.
overnightParkingAllowedboolean
Whether overnight parking is allowed for heavy vehicles.

parkingOrientationenum

The direction in which vehicles are parked at the charging station.

4 accepted values

`PARALLEL`	Parking happens parallel to the roadway on which vehicles approach the charging station.
`PERPENDICULAR`	Parking happens perpendicular to the roadway on which vehicles approach the charging station.
`ANGLE`	Parking happens at an angle to the roadway on which vehicles approach the charging station (i.e. echelon parking).
`DRIVE_THROUGH`	A vehicle can stop, charge, and proceed without reversing into or out of a parking bay. This is particularly important for heavy vehicles with trailers.

transportTypesenum[]

List of transport types that can use this parking.

9 accepted values

`PEDESTRIAN`	Pedestrian.
`BICYCLE`	Bicycle.
`MOTORCYCLE`	Motorcycle.
`CAR`	Passenger car.
`TAXI`	Taxi.
`PUBLIC_BUS`	Public bus.
`EMERGENCY`	Emergency vehicle.
`DELIVERY_TRUCK`	Delivery truck. Deprecated, use `TRUCK` instead.
`TRUCK`	Truck.

tagsstring[]
List of tags, will be used to perform some filtration based on provider or customer references.

summaryOfConnectorTypeIdsinteger (int32)[]
Summarized of connector type, used as cache of different connector types present in pool.
maxNominalPowernumber (double)
Maximum of nominal power (in kW) present in pool.
numberOfChargingPointinteger (int32)
Summarized of number of charging point present in pool.
reliabilityScoreinteger (int32)
Reliability score of the pool. A score of 1 is the least reliable, and a score of 5 is the most reliable.
predictedOccupancyTimeSlotsPredictedOccupancyTimeSlot[]
List of predicted occupancy time slots for a charging station. Each time slot provides information about the predicted occupancy level within a specific time range on a given day.
PredictedOccupancyTimeSlot fields
- dayOfweekenum
  Day of week.
  7 accepted values
  MONDAY MONDAY.
  TUESDAY TUESDAY.
  WEDNESDAY WEDNESDAY.
  THURSDAY THURSDAY.
  FRIDAY FRIDAY.
  SATURDAY SATURDAY.
  SUNDAY SUNDAY.
- startstring
  Start time of opened pool.
- endstring
  End time of opened pool.
- predictedOccupancyinteger (int32)
  Predicted occupancy. This value ranges from 0 to 10, where: 0 means the station is least occupied. 10 means the station is fully occupied.

vehicleAccessSummaryParkingVehicleAccessFront

Restrictions regarding vehicles.

SummaryParkingVehicleAccessFront fields

maxHeightinteger (int32)
Maximum height (in cm) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
maxWidthinteger (int32)
Maximum width (in cm) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
maxLengthinteger (int32)
Maximum length (in cm) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
maxWeightinteger (int32)
Maximum weight (in tenth of ton) of a vehicle to access the parking. Null if no restriction.
dangerousGoodsAllowedboolean
Whether vehicles loaded with dangerous goods are allowed to park.
overnightParkingAllowedboolean
Whether overnight parking is allowed for heavy vehicles.

parkingOrientationenum

The direction in which vehicles are parked at the charging station.

4 accepted values

`PARALLEL`	Parking happens parallel to the roadway on which vehicles approach the charging station.
`PERPENDICULAR`	Parking happens perpendicular to the roadway on which vehicles approach the charging station.
`ANGLE`	Parking happens at an angle to the roadway on which vehicles approach the charging station (i.e. echelon parking).
`DRIVE_THROUGH`	A vehicle can stop, charge, and proceed without reversing into or out of a parking bay. This is particularly important for heavy vehicles with trailers.

transportTypesenum[]

List of transport types that can use this parking.

9 accepted values

`PEDESTRIAN`	Pedestrian.
`BICYCLE`	Bicycle.
`MOTORCYCLE`	Motorcycle.
`CAR`	Passenger car.
`TAXI`	Taxi.
`PUBLIC_BUS`	Public bus.
`EMERGENCY`	Emergency vehicle.
`DELIVERY_TRUCK`	Delivery truck. Deprecated, use `TRUCK` instead.
`TRUCK`	Truck.

parkingOrientationsenum[]
4 accepted values
PARALLEL
PERPENDICULAR
ANGLE
DRIVE_THROUGH

polylineCoordinate[]
Is the route geometry. It is composed of a list of coordinates (e.g routing points).
Coordinate fields
- lonnumber (double)required
  Longitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
  Also accepted as longitude.
- latnumber (double)required
  Latitude in degrees decimal (WGS84).
  Also accepted as latitude.
encodedPolylinestring
Is the route geometry. It is composed of a list of coordinates and encoded with Google Algorithm.
eventsRouteEventFront[]
List of event found on calculated route.
RouteEventFront fields
- lonnumber (double)
  Longitude in degrees decimal (WGS84) (double).
- latnumber (double)
  Latitude in degrees decimal (WGS84) (double).
- altnumber (double)
  Altitude in meters (double).
- timeinteger (int32)
  The time in seconds between the start of route.
- distFromStartnumber (double)
  Distance in meters from start point.
- speednumber (double)
  Speed in meters per second.
- accelerationnumber (double)
  Acceleration in meters per second per second.
- anglenumber (double)
  Heading in degrees.
- slopenumber (double)
  Slope coefficient (0 = 0°, +/-0.5 = +/-30°, etc.).
- cumulativeConsumptionnumber (double)
  Cumulative consumption from start in kWh.
- consumptionnumber (double)
  Consumption from previous value in kWh.
- batteryLevelnumber (double)
  Remaining battery level (in percentage) at this location.
timeSlotWarnsTimeSlotWarn[]
List of warnings regarding the requested time slots.
TimeSlotWarn fields
- statusCodestringrequired
  Code of the time slot status.
- messagestringrequired
  Describes a time slot status: if the time slot has been validated by a EV route.

debugStatEvSmartRoutingDebugStat
Performance statistics of EV Smart Routing service. It's of BeNomad debug only.
EvSmartRoutingDebugStat fields
- executionTimeChronointeger (int64)
  Total of execution time in milliseconds.
- executionTimeWithoutChargingStationChronointeger (int64)
  Execution time - execution time of charging station requests, in milliseconds.
- chargingStationChronointeger (int64)
  Total of execution time of charging station requests in milliseconds.
- chargingTimeChronointeger (int64)
  Total of execution time of charging time requests in milliseconds.
- routingChronointeger (int64)
  Total of execution time of routing requests in milliseconds.

Errors

400 Bad Request, EvSmartRoutingErrorResponse
302 No credentials were sent. Do not follow the redirect.
401 The account or the API key is wrong.

How to read each one: Errors.

Tutorials

Tutorial for the first trip in electrical vehicle · 1.0

Reference pages

EV smart routing · v1.0

`ALL`	All road network.
`DEFAULT`	Default.
`FERRY`	Ferry line.
`MOTORWAY`	Motorway.
`PEDESTRIAN`	Pedestrian.
`ROUNDABOUNT`	Roundabout.
`SLIPROAD`	Slip road.

`MONDAY`	MONDAY.
`TUESDAY`	TUESDAY.
`WEDNESDAY`	WEDNESDAY.
`THURSDAY`	THURSDAY.
`FRIDAY`	FRIDAY.
`SATURDAY`	SATURDAY.
`SUNDAY`	SUNDAY.

`CHARGER`	Charger
`ENTRANCE`	Entrance
`LOCATION`	Location
`NETWORK`	Network
`OPERATOR`	Operator
`OTHER`	Other
`OWNER`	Owner
`NOT_SUPPORTED_VALUE`	Not supported value for this API version.

`VGROUP`	The data must not be interpreted as an actual physical object, but as a simple group.
`REAL`	The object exists in the real world.